An Overview of Categorization techniques

Categorization is the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated and understood. Categorization implies that objects are grouped into categories, usually for some specific purpose. A category illuminates a relationship between the subjects and objects of knowledge. The data categorization includes the categorization of text, image, object, voice etc .With the rapid development of the web, large numbers of electronic documents are available on the Internet. Text categorization becomes a key technology to deal with and organize large numbers of documents. Text representation is an important process to perform text categorization. A major problem of text representation is the high dimensionality of the feature space. The feature space with a large number of terms is not only unsuitable for neural networks but also easily to cause the over fitting problem. Text categorization is the assignment of natural language documents to one or more predefined categories based on their semantic content is an important component in many information organization and management tasks. This paper discusses various categorization techniques, tools and their applications in different fields. KeywordsClustering, Neural networks, Latent Semantic Indexing, Self-Organizing map.